Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH) is a premier institute of science and technology established in 2008. IITH has been consistently ranked in the&nbsp;<a href="https://iith.ac.in/reports/" rel="noopener noreferrer">top 10 institutes</a>&nbsp;in India for Engineering&nbsp;<a href="https://www.nirfindia.org/2021/EngineeringRanking.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">according to NIRF</a>&nbsp;making it one of the most coveted schools for science and technology in the country.

IITH offers&nbsp;<a href="https://iith.ac.in/academics/under-graduate/">undergraduate programs</a>&nbsp;in all the classical engineering disciplines, applied sciences, design, as well as several modern interdisciplinary areas. Students are given a flexibility to explore a broad set of areas, and potentially pursue a minor or double major in a discipline that is not their own. Students who wish to seek a deeper understanding of their own discipline are strongly encouraged to get involved in cutting-edge research with the help of a faculty to mentor them, and earn an Honors in their own field.

The very foundation of IIT Hyderabad is based on&nbsp;<a href="https://iith.ac.in/research/">research and innovation</a>. The vibrant research culture is evident from the number of patents and publications that IITH produces consistently every year. IITH offers&nbsp;<a href="https://iith.ac.in/academics/programmes-offered/">graduate programs</a>&nbsp;at both a masters, and a doctoral level, in several diverse areas. There are separate programs for technology, design, science, and liberal arts. The&nbsp;<a href="https://iith.ac.in/academics/post-graduate/">MTech program</a>&nbsp;is offered in various modes and durations to cater to the ever-growing need of postgraduate level professionals in the country.

IITH encourages and supports&nbsp;<a href="https://iic-iith.netlify.app/index.html" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">innovation and entrepreneurship</a>&nbsp;at every stage. The minor program in entrepreneurship is open to all students of IITH, and many of the courses are offered by industrialists who are entrepreneurs themselves. There are various&nbsp;<a href="https://iith.ac.in/research/centres-incubators/">innovation centers and incubators</a>&nbsp;that promote entrepreneurship and help mentor young innovators. IITH has been very successful in building tie-ups with leading academic institutions around the globe.

IITH enjoys a very special relationship with Japanese universities and industries that goes beyond academic and research collaborations. In fact, some of the iconic buildings in IITH campus will carry the signature of Japanese architecture.

IITH creates a unique holistic ecosystem for education that offers interactive learning, a very flexible academic structure, cutting-edge research, strong industry collaboration, and entrepreneurship. This is an environment which enables students and faculty to translate their dreams into realities.

IIT Hyderabad

In this study hydroxyapatite (HA) was coated by sol-gel method on Ti6Al4V alloy substrates: on micropolished surface and after titania (titanium oxide) treatment. Former shows the cracks and poor bonding of HA whereas latter shows coating without cracks and higher bonding strength. The higher bonding strength of HA coating in titania treated sample could be attributed to the increased roughness by titanium oxide layer.

World University root node

Department of Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering

Solid State Phenomena

Strength and reliability performance of hydroxyapatite coatings on titania treated Ti6Al4V alloy using sol-gel precursor

The sintering behavior of nanosized titanium powders was investigated by dilatometry. The nanosized Ti powders (40 nm) were produced by the attrition milling of micron sized Ti powders (12 μm) in Ar atmosphere. Sintering was carried out in Ar atmosphere in the temperature range of 450-1250 °C for nanosized Ti and 650-1250 °C for micron sized Ti by heating at 10 °C/min, up to the sintering temperature followed by isothermal holding for 1 h. The nanosized Ti powders exhibited a lower sintering onset temperature, larger shrinkage, larger shrinkage rate, and lower activation energy for sintering as compared to the micron sized Ti powders. The sintered micron sized Ti specimens exhibited both intraagglomerate and interagglomerate porosity while the nanosized Ti specimens exhibited well densified agglomerates (almost no interagglomerate porosity) and large intraagglomerate porosity. In nanosized Ti grain growth was found to take place beyond 700 °C and reached a maximum of 66 nm in samples sintered at 1100 °C. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Materials Research Bulletin

Dilatometry of attrition milled nanocrystalline titanium powders

Detailed dilatometric study of the sintering behaviour of equiatomic Ti-Ni elemental powder has been carried out the under controlled atmosphere. Two different activation energies, 200.9 and 46.2 kJ/mol were observed in a lower and higher temperature range, indicating sintering to be controlled by the solid state inter-diffusion and the chemical reactions. Sintered product shows the reversible austenitic and martensitic transformations. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Intermetallics

Dilatometric sintering study of Ti-50Ni elemental powders

Grain growth behaviour of fine (∼3μm) and attrition milled nanocrystalline (∼ 32 nm) titanium powers during sintering have been studied. The activation energies of grain growth (Q g) in fine titanium were found to be 192.9 and 142.4 kJ/mol at lower and higher temperature ranges, respectively. The nanocrystalline titanium showed very low values of Q g (54.6 kJ/mol) at lower temperatures and it increased to 273.2 kJ/mol at higher temperatures. The constant (n) in nano Ti system was found to have unusually very high values of 6.5-8.2. The grain boundary rotation along with the diffusional processes could be the grain growth mechanism in nanocrystalline and in fine titanium powders. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2006.

Journal of Nanoparticle Research

Grain growth in ultrafine titanium powders during sintering

The sintering kinetics and mechanisms of micron-size and nanocrystalline titanium powders have been studied by means of dilatometry and sintering diagram models. An approximate particle-size range over which a transition in sintering mechanisms takes place has been identified. In the micron-size titanium powder, lattice diffusion from surface sources, and from sources on grain boundaries, are the operative mechanisms. The nanocrystalline titanium powder shows a continuous change in sintering mechanisms: (i) particle movement/dislocation movement at low temperatures, (ii) grain boundary diffusion up to moderate temperatures, and (iii) lattice diffusion and grain boundary rotation at higher temperatures.

International Journal of Powder Metallurgy (Princeton, New Jersey)

Sintering of titanium: Effect of particle size

Attempts have been made to ascertain the mechanism of mass transport through the evaluation of the activation energies for different temperature ranges and through the sintering diagram approach of Ashby during sintering of microcrystalline titanium powders (average particle size of ∼3 μm). Present studies reveal that the sintering in the alpha range is controlled by lattice diffusion with source of matter at grain boundaries and the sintering in beta region appears to be controlled by lattice diffusion along with some kind of grain boundary rotation mechanism. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Materials Science and Engineering A

Sintering kinetics of micrometric titanium powder

Detailed sintering studies have been carried out on attrition milled nanocrystalline titanium powder through isothermal dilatometry over a temperature range of 300 - 1250 °C along with microstructural and x-ray diffraction studies. The sintering behavior of attrition milled nanocrystalline titanium appears to be characterized by: (i) very low activation energies, (ii) high shrinkage anisotropy, (iii) very rapid grain growth in the beta range, and (iv) two kinds of densification processes, namely, intra-agglomerate and inter-agglomerate. Analysis of the kinetic data through sintering diagram approach indicates the operation of particle sliding and grain boundary rotation, type of mechanism in addition to the grain-boundary diffusion, and lattice diffusion as the dominant mass transport mechanisms. © 2005 Materials Research Society.

Journal of Materials Research

Sintering mechanisms of attrition milled titanium nano powder

This work represents an attempt to understand the nature of micron and attrition milled nano-sized titanium powders on two different aspects i.e., pressure-induced phase change and thermal expansion. Contraction in the volume of unit cell in terms of decrease in interplaner spacing (d) has been observed in both powders and tends to restore upon annealing. At a given pressure, nano titanium shows a smaller decrease in d relative to micron titanium. The stress analysis of the compacts indicates higher value of residual stresses and deformations in micron powder than in nano powder. The dilatometric study reveals, first, the release of internal stresses and entrapped gases causes huge expansion in nanopowder compacts during heating. Secondly, there is no significant difference in the expansion coefficients of sintered micro- and nanocrystalline titanium samples. © 2005 Materials Research Society.

Structural changes and thermal expansion behavior of ultrafine titanium powders during compaction and heating

This investigation is an attempt to understand the expansion behaviour of compacts of nanocrystalline titanium powder during thermal treatments. Entrapped gases cause excessive expansion in the green compacts. The dilatometric study reveals that there is no significant difference in the expansion coefficient of sintered nanocrystalline titanium samples, compared to their micron-size counterpart. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Materials Letters

Thermal expansion behaviour of nanocrystalline titanium powder compacts

In the present study attempts have been made to produce porous nickel titanide (NiTi) using equiatomic ratio of elemental powders of Ni and Ti through reaction sintering under ultra high purity argon atmosphere. A homogeneous composition of NiTi intermetallic with a porosity of about 40% was produced. Liquid phase formation during sintering led to the dimensional anisotropy in the sample. The shape memory effect of the sintered samples was tested and was found to match with the reported values.

Transactions of the Indian Institute of Metals

Synthesis of porous nickel titanide

A kinetic study on a non-conventional route for the production of silicon carbide was carried out on a laboratory scale. Silicon carbide was produced by vacuum pyrolysis of rice husks in the temperature range 1200-1600°C. The resulting products were characterised by XRD and chemical analysis. Attempts were made to develop the parametric relationships correlating the yield of silicon carbide to the process variables and starting material characteristics. Empirical relationships defining the rate of silicon carbide formation as a function of temperature, compaction pressure, CO gas diffusion, and compact porosity are proposed.