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CNN Fixations: An Unraveling Approach to Visualize the Discriminative Image Regions
, U. Garg, R.V. Babu
Published in Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
2019
PMID: 30452367
Volume: 28
   
Issue: 5
Pages: 2116 - 2125
Abstract
Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have revolutionized the computer vision research and have seen unprecedented adoption for multiple tasks, such as classification, detection, and caption generation. However, they offer little transparency into their inner workings and are often treated as black boxes that deliver excellent performance. In this paper, we aim at alleviating this opaqueness of CNNs by providing visual explanations for the network's predictions. Our approach can analyze a variety of CNN-based models trained for computer vision applications, such as object recognition and caption generation. Unlike the existing methods, we achieve this via unraveling the forward pass operation. The proposed method exploits feature dependencies across the layer hierarchy and uncovers the discriminative image locations that guide the network's predictions. We name these locations CNN fixations, loosely analogous to human eye fixations. Our approach is a generic method that requires no architectural changes, additional training, or gradient computation, and computes the important image locations (CNN fixations). We demonstrate through a variety of applications that our approach is able to localize the discriminative image locations across different network architectures, diverse vision tasks, and data modalities. © 2018 IEEE.
About the journal
JournalIEEE Transactions on Image Processing
PublisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
ISSN10577149