The present research studies the performance of diatoms in removing organic carbon and nutrients from a kitchen wastewater and fatty acid content in diatom cells. The test reactors were operated at six different SRTs-2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 days in a continuous mode. The influent and effluent samples were analyzed for VSS, COD, TOC, TN, and phosphates. Steady-state kinetics (k, Ks, Y, and kd) for organic carbon removal were obtained by fitting experimental data in linearized Michaelis-Menten and Monod equation. The TOC, TN, and phosphates percentage removal at higher SRTs were 76%, 79%, and 85%. The FAME comprised 60% SFA and 35% MUFA for all the SRTs. Among the FAMEs, C16:0 and C16:1 were the dominant species with 50% and 35% respectively for all the SRTs. This study concluded that diatoms were capable of treating kitchen wastewater with simultaneous production of biodiesel. © 2018 American Society of Civil Engineers.