In the present investigation, the evolution of texture and microstructure during incremental sheet forming was investigated. Hot-rolled sheets of commercially pure titanium were subjected to single-point incremental forming to obtain truncated pyramid geometries. It was observed from texture measurements that there was splitting of basal poles along the transverse direction. Moreover, a significant number of twins was observed in the deformed microstructure with the fraction of extension twins being highest compared to other variants. The crossing of deformation twins, formation of twin lamellar structure and formation of secondary extension twins within primary contraction twins were additionally observed. The state of deformation in the pyramid walls was analyzed via finite element method which in turn was used as input for carrying out crystallographic texture simulations via visco-plastic self-consistent simulations. It was observed that the state of deformation in the wall regions is plain strain compression plus through-thickness shear. © 2020, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International.