Synthetic biomaterials for regenerative medicine (RM) range from nondegradable classic materials like metals that primarily replace damaged tissues to degradable polymers that regenerate tissue structure and function. This chapter discusses the properties of several classes of synthetic materials commonly used in RM, including metals, ceramics, nondegradable polymers, degradable polymers, and hydrogels. Under each class, the merits and limitations of specific materials are reported. Furthermore, clinical and in vivo applications of several of these materials are also discussed. © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.