Pervasive monitoring of vitals especially blood pressure and heart rate are considered the most valuable parameters because they are the most important biomarkers as well as risk indicators for stroke and cardiovascular diseases which are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Despite the continuous improvements for decades in conventional methods of HR (electrocardiography) and BP (sphygmomanometery and oscillometry), still, these techniques have not been enhanced to the point of offering the user flexibility and portability. The recent advancements in microelectromechanical systems and wireless sensor technologies have enabled the proliferation of miniaturized body-worn non-invasive, photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors which are capable of long-term pervasive monitoring of vital parameters. However, developing algorithms for real-time monitoring is a significant challenge due to various conflicting requirements including high accuracy, less complexity, and limited power supply. This chapter covers the accurate and low-complex methodologies for real-time monitoring of HR and BP for cardiac and stroke rehabilitation monitoring. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022. All rights are reserved.