Glycerol is a waste product from the biodiesel synthesis process via base-catalyzed transesterification of lipids (oils and fats) with simple alcohols, mainly methanol. So converting bio-glycerol to value-added chemicals like acrylic acid not only boosts the biodiesel industry but also provides alternative sustainable routes for synthesizing petro-based products, thus reducing our dependence on fossil fuels. Acrylic acid, a major ingredient in chemicals and polymer industries, is commercially produced from propylene, but its production from glycerol will be a promising route in view of both economically and ecologically. In this chapter, we discussed the synthesis of acrylic acid from glycerol via various catalytic routes. For comparison, the synthesis of acrylic acid from propylene was also briefly discussed. © 2022 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved.