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Enhanced Spin-Orbit Torques in Rare-Earth Pt/ [Co/Ni] 2/Co/Tb Systems
Q.Y. Wong, , W.C. Law, W.L. Gan, G.J. Lim, W.S. Lew
Published in American Physical Society
2019
Volume: 11
   
Issue: 2
Abstract
We report the enhanced spin-orbit torque (SOT) effect due to the rare-earth metal Tb in a Pt/[Co/Ni]2/Co/Tb multilayer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). Due to the large spin-orbit coupling in Tb, the effective dampinglike efficiency, ξDLeff, is determined to be 0.55 for 9-nm Tb as compared to ξDLeff=0.18 for the reference Pt/[Co/Ni]2/Co/Ta stack. A relatively large effective spin Hall efficiency of Tb, θSH,Tbeff, is determined to be -0.480 for Tb with a 9-nm thickness through a Hz-biased harmonic measurement. Enhanced magnetization switching efficiency is observed with increasing Tb thickness, affirming the sizable antidamping torque responsible for deterministic switching. Furthermore, due to a more substantial interfacial coupling in Co/Tb interface than in Co/Ta interface, strong angular dependence of the dampinglike and fieldlike terms is, but diminishes with increasing Tb thickness. These results affirm that Tb plays a significant role in tuning the SOT efficiency in these structures as the increased Tb concentration leads to an enhancement of the effective spin Hall angle and switching efficiency. © 2019 American Physical Society.
About the journal
JournalData powered by TypesetPhysical Review Applied
PublisherData powered by TypesetAmerican Physical Society
ISSN23317019