Increasing energy demand and global warming are the most pressing challenges for humankind in the 21st century that alerted the scientific community to search for renewable energy sources to replace fossil fuels for energy and chemical production. Valorizing biomass and its derivatives into commodity chemicals and biofuels are considered a sustainable and promising approach for reducing the use of fossil fuels and for the carbon-neutral society as well. Acrolein and acrylic acid, produced from the waste products (i.e., glycerol) of biodiesel industry, are important precursors for a variety of value-added chemicals and biopolymers. Several processes and technologies, especially based on heterogeneous solid catalysts, have been developed for the efficient conversion of acrolein and acrylic acid into desired products. This chapter provides a concise account on the catalytic conversion of acrolein and acrylic acid to useful chemicals, while highlighting key properties of the solid catalysts for achieving high product selectivity. The synthesis and the properties of acrolein and acrylic acid are briefly discussed in this chapter. More efforts must be directed towards developing economically and ecologically viable routes for the efficient conversion of acrolein and acrylic acid under mild processing conditions that could eventually boost the bioplastic industry. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.