Development of processes to produce fuels and chemical from biomass offers an exciting opportunity to achieve a sustainable supply from renewable sources as compared to fossil fuel-based methods. Technologies relying only on chemical catalytic routes have shown limitations in achieving the desired yield of a product molecule. Therefore, recent developments in research have emphasized the importance of integrating a biocatalytic route to a chemo-catalytic route to produce commodity chemicals with high conversion and selectivity. Microorganisms including bacteria, fungus and algae are versatile in nature and have potential to yield platform molecules which can be upgraded to produce their petrochemical counterparts. Genetic engineering techniques combined with metabolic flux analysis are employed to further enhance the productivity. On subsequent purification, the platform molecule may be used as a reactant for chemo-catalytic processing to produce a range of high-value chemicals. In this way, a novel integrated fermentation and catalytic processing strategy is envisaged, which will open avenues for producing chemicals from renewable sources. The chapter covers the progress made in this direction by summarizing the routes for producing a platform molecule via biocatalytic transformations. © Springer International Publishing AG 2017. All rights reserved.